The wall of the crystal domain traps the quasi-part of Majorana

In 2014, a theory showed that the electronic structure of iron-based superconductor has topological properties due to multi-orbital characteristics under certain conditions, which is similar to the case of topological insulator. Science next, theoretical and subsequent experimental studies of topological matter in iron-based superconductors progressed rapidly. Recently, new advances have been made in measuring the response of topological defects in the superconducting state in iron-based superconductors with topological electronic structure. Quasiparticles bound by these topological defects are found to exhibit characteristics similar to Majorana quasiparticles. Combined with the topological matter theory of iron-based superconductors, one possible understanding is the existence of topological two-dimensional surface or one-dimensional edge superconducting states in these iron-based superconductors, where topological defects can bind the quasi -Majorana particles. However, measurements from different experimental groups indicate that impurities, linear defects and magnetic flux vortices respond to superconducting states with diversity and complexity and have not yet reached a consensus understanding of the experimental results.

A research team led by Professor HAO Ning of High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) is theoretically investigating the mechanism and properties of the recent experimentally reported bound state of the quasiparticle superconductor in a three-dimensional crystal domain wall (a type of linear defect caused by lattice dislocation).

This research result was published on Physical examination letters.

In this research, they found that the configuration of the lattice domain walls and their ferromagnetic ground state play a critical role in the formation of one-dimensional, linearly dispersing Majorana quasiparticles. The experimentally observed features of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) imaging of the lattice domain walls as well as the scanning tunneling spectrum (STS) of the quasi-constant density of state can be theoretically explained. More significantly, the researchers propose the generation and fusion of Majorana zero modes by manipulating the ferromagnetic properties of the lattice domain walls. Furthermore, they propose a theoretical scheme to implement the braiding operation of Majorana zero modes to provide new insights for the proof of the non-abelian statistical properties of Majorana zero modes.

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